[4] Neither the Hooper nor Freeman's translations were authorized by Mercier, and both translators openly admitted they did not know who the author was (he was first attributed as the author in English in an 1802 translation of his work). [1][4] Robert Darnton writes that "despite its self-proclaimed character of fantasy ... L'An 2440 demanded to be read as a serious guidebook to the future. It has been described as one of the most popular and controversial novels of the 18th century, one of the earliest works of science fiction, and the first work of utopian fiction set in the future rather than at a distant place in the present. L'An 2440, rêve s'il en fut jamais (lit. L’An 2440, rêve s’il en fut jamais est publié pour la première fois à Londres en 1771 de façon anonyme. L’An 2440, rêve s’il en fut jamais est un roman publié par Louis-Sébastien Mercier en 1771. Histoire du siècle futur (1659), Samuel Madden's The Memoirs of the Twentieth Century (1733), and the anonymously written The Reign of George VI, 1900–1925 (1763). Le sage sait que le mal abonde sur la terre ; mais en même tems il a toujours présente à l'esprit cette perfection si belle et si touchante, qui peut et qui doit même être l'ouvrage de l'homme raisonnable. L'An 2440, Rêve s'il n'en fut jamais, publié en 1770, est le premier roman d'anticipation moderne. [4], Everett C. Wilkie Jr. notes that there have been many erroneous statements concerning Mercier's bibliography in general, and about the publication history of L'An 2440 in particular. L'AN 2440. [1][2][10][13][15][16] Mercier published four editions (1771, 1774, 1786 and 1779), although there is some further controversy surrounding the 1774 edition, whose authorship Mercier later denied. L’An 2440 peut être considéré comme le premier roman d’anticipation dans lequel on retrouve le programmede la … Publié en 1771, L'An 2440.Rêve s'il en fut jamais nous entraîne dans un voyage inédit : Louis-Sébastien Mercier, l'auteur du célèbre Tableau de Paris, s'endort un soir à minuit et se réveille quelque sept cents … Paris, France Adel, 1977, 349 p. (Bibliothèque des Utopies.) Wilkie concludes that the only fact that Mercier was consistent about is that the first edition was published in Amsterdam by E. van Harrevelt, and existing evidence strongly favors 1771 – probably the summer – as the correct date of publication. [10][8][13][6] The book has also been described as "the first uchronia". The Year 2440: A Dream If Ever There Was One but translated into English as Memoirs of the Year Two Thousand Five Hundred or Memoirs of the Year 2500) is a 1770 novel by Louis-Sébastien Mercier. There are no monks, priests, prostitutes, beggars, dancing masters (i.e., dance teachers), pastry chefs, standing armies, slavery, arbitrary arrest, taxes, guilds, foreign trade, coffee, tea, or tobacco: such occupations, institutions, and products have been adjudged to be useless and immoral – as has much previously written literature, which has been willingly destroyed by the future librarians, who proudly display their library, reduced to a single room of only the most valuable works. L'An 2440, rêve s'il en fut jamais (lit. Mercier's hero notes everything that catches his fancy in this futuristic Paris. Hospitals are effective and science-based. Publié pour la première fois en … Nicolas Fargues - ... L’An 2440 présente, à défaut de prophétisme confondant ou farfelu, une excellente matière pour exercer, selon, l’indulgence goguenarde ou la nostalgie passionnée d’un lecteur de 1999. [7][8] Sources also vary as to the year of the book's first edition, citing 1770[5][9] or 1771. [4][8][10][11][12] Wilkie writes it might have been "pulled off the press so late in 1770 that it was dated 1771, the year it was actually sold", but "despite evidence to the contrary [as no known edition dating to 1770 has been found], scholarly practice has made the supposed 1770 edition of this novel an enduring bibliographical ghost". [1] Another theme concerns gender equality, in which realm Mercier has again been described as both progressive and conservative: in his future world, marriages are based on love, divorce is legal, and dowries are abolished; but ideal women are "free" to devote themselves to life at home as "good wives and mothers". [1][11][12][8][7] It has been described as "one of the eighteenth century's most successful books" (and "one of the most controversial"), with an estimated over 60,000 copies in several languages printed during that time, although its reception by contemporary critics was mixed. [7], According to Evelyn L. Forget, Mercier finished the first manuscript in 1768, though Wilkie writes that parts of the book clearly date to 1770, as they reference events of that year. Si vous êtes fan de lecture depuis des années, découvrez sans plus tarder toutes nos offres et nos bonnes affaires exceptionnelles pour l'acquisition d'un produit L'an 2440 - Rêve S'il En Fut Jamais. [7], Due to its controversial criticism of the Ancien Régime and portrayal of a secular future, the novel was at first not allowed to be published, appearing anonymously and being trafficked underground by smugglers and illicit booksellers. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Rok 2440 L.-S. Merciera", "Authors : Mercier, Louis-Sébastien : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia", "Imagining the Future: Mercier's "L'An 2440" and Morris' "News from Nowhere, "Mercier's "L'An 2440": Its publishing history during the author's lifetime, Part I", "The Pedagogical City of Louis-Sébastien Mercier's "L'An 2440, "Utopia, reform and revolution: the political assumptions of L.S. Rok 2440 L.-S. Merciera", "Authors : Mercier, Louis-Sébastien : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia", "Imagining the Future: Mercier's "L'An 2440" and Morris' "News from Nowhere, "Mercier's "L'An 2440": Its publishing history during the author's lifetime, Part I", "The Pedagogical City of Louis-Sébastien Mercier's "L'An 2440, "Utopia, reform and revolution: the political assumptions of L.S. L’An 2440, rêve s’il en fut jamais (Louis-Sébastien Mercier): plan pour une lecture analytique. [7] For the English edition, Hooper changed the title to Memoirs of the Year Two Thousand Five Hundred or Memoirs of the Year 2500 and added a number of footnotes (Mercier's choice of the somewhat awkward number 2440 might be related to it being his 700th birthday, whereas Hooper's title, described as "perplexing" by one scholar, is likely due to his preference for a simpler, rounded up title). [9][13], The Year 2440 has been described as an important example of French pre-Revolutionary literary dissidence, and even as a veiled call for action – something made more explicit in the preface to later editions, in which Mercier describes himself as a leader whose work is helping usher in a coming "age of progress and universal happiness", and in which calls his novel prophetic (a claim that is said to have drawn much derision from contemporaries). It has been described as one of the earliest works of science fiction. L'an 2440, rêve s'il en fût jamais (français) L'an deux mille quatre cent quarante (français) L'an deux mille quatre cent quarante, rêve s'il en fût jamais (français) Détails du contenu (1 ressources dans data.bnf.fr) Rêve s'il en fut jamais. Publié en 1771, L'An 2440. Citizens' garb is comfortable and practical. [7], It has been translated to English first in 1772 by William Hooper; it was the first utopia published in the United States, and Thomas Jefferson and George Washington, among others, owned the first edition. J'arrive, je cherche des yeux ce palais superbe d'où partaient les destinées de plusieurs nations. Considéré comme trop contestaire du régime en place, il est interdit en France, ce qui ne l’empêche … Publié en 1771, L’An 2440. … [4][5][6] The future utopian, egalitarian France is portrayed as having no religion and no military. C’est en 1771 1771 que l’auteur du Tableau de Paris écrit la version originale de L’An 2440, rêve s’il en fut jamais, considérée comme un des premiers textes d’anticipation. He wanders through the changed city, eventually ending up in the ruins of the Palace of Versailles. [8][1][6], One of the novel's themes is slavery, and support for its abolition, and even advocacy of some limited decolonization – tempered, however, by Mercier's view of Western culture (defined primarily on the superior example of French culture) and by his patriotism, which sees France as the world's new, benevolent hegemon. [4][7] Around the same time it was also translated to Dutch and German, and a few years later into Italian. [4] Neither the Hooper nor Freeman's translations were authorized by Mercier, and both translators openly admitted they did not know who the author was (he was first attributed as the author in English in an 1802 translation of his work). Citizens' garb is comfortable and practical. The Year 2440: A Dream If Ever There Was One but usually translated into English as Memoirs of the Year Two Thousand Five Hundred or Memoirs of the Year 2500) is a 1770 novel by Louis-Sébastien Mercier. LOUIS SÉBASTIEN MERCIER : L'An 2440. Louis-Sébastien MERCIER Publié en 1771, L’An 2440, un rêve s’il en fut jamais nous entraîne dans un voyage inédit : Louis-Sébastien Mercier, l’auteur du célèbre Tableau de Paris, s’endort un soir à minuit … Rêve s'il en fut jamais (Litterature) by Mercier, Louis-Sébastien and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at AbeBooks.com. The Year Two Thousand Four Hundred and Forty, Followed by The Iron Man: Dream, with L'Homme de Fer: Songe being a new, separate short story[1]) was in turn partially translated to English by Harriot Augusta Freeman under another liberally changed title, Astraea's Return, or The Halcyon Days of France in the Year 2440: A Dream (according to the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, as of 2019, no official English translation of the revised 1786 version exists). [3] Mercier's novel has been described as having been inspired by the Enlightenment philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau[4][8] and by earlier utopian fiction such as Francis Bacon's New Atlantis (1626). The Year 2440: A Dream If Ever There Was One but usually translated into English as Memoirs of the Year Two Thousand Five Hundred or Memoirs of the Year 2500) is a … fatigue les regards du sage, il s'en plaint ; on soupçonne qu'il a de l'humeur ; on a tort. Overview Publié en 1771, L'An 2440. Rêve s'il en fut jamais nous entraîne dans un voyage inédit : Louis-Sébastien Mercier, l'auteur du célèbre Tableau de Paris, s'endort un soir à minuit et se réveille quelque sept cents … L’An 2440 peut être considéré comme le premier roman d'anticipation dans lequel on retrouve le … [7][8] The revised edition of 1786, now under the title L'an deux mille quatre cent quarante, Suivi de L'Homme de Fer: Songe (lit. It has been described as one of the most popular and controversial novels of the 18th century, one of the earliest works of science fiction, and the first work of utopian fiction set in the future rather than at a distant place in the present. [7][8] The revised edition of 1786, now under the title L'an deux mille quatre cent quarante, Suivi de L'Homme de Fer: Songe (lit. Posté à … [1] Another theme concerns gender equality, in which realm Mercier has again been described as both progressive and conservative: in his future world, marriages are based on love, divorce is legal, and dowries are abolished; but ideal women are "free" to devote themselves to life at home as "good wives and mothers". «Littérature ».) [4][18][13] Brian M. Stableford noted that "it laid the groundwork for the first theoretical discussion of the potential scope of futuristic fiction". L'An 2440, rêve s'il en fut jamais (lit. A travers cette fiction futuriste, l'auteur développe son rêve philosophique et politique : après … [4][8][10][11][12] Wilkie writes it might have been "pulled off the press so late in 1770 that it was dated 1771, the year it was actually sold", but "despite evidence to the contrary [as no known edition dating to 1770 has been found], scholarly practice has made the supposed 1770 edition of this novel an enduring bibliographical ghost". L’image utilisée dans l’infobox semble présenter un circonflexe mal composé sur le u à cette position. These include Francis Cheynell's Aulicus His Dream (1644), Jacques Guttin's Epigone. [7] It has been described as an "important milestone in the evolution of science fiction", particularly of the utopian fiction variety, "[in its time an] exceedingly popular [work of] proto-science fiction", and one of the first works in the genre focusing on the near future. Histoire du siècle futur (1659), Samuel Madden's The Memoirs of the Twentieth Century (1733), and the anonymously written The Reign of George VI, 1900–1925 (1763). Who could resist the temptation to participate in such a thought experiment? The novel describes the adventures of an unnamed man who, after engaging in a heated discussion with a philosopher friend about the injustices of Paris, falls asleep and finds himself in a Paris several centuries into the future. The novel describes the adventures of an unnamed man who, after engaging in a heated discussion with a philosopher friend about the injustices of Paris, falls asleep and finds himself in a Paris several centuries into the future. [9][13], The Year 2440 has been described as an important example of French pre-Revolutionary literary dissidence, and even as a veiled call for action – something made more explicit in the preface to later editions, in which Mercier describes himself as a leader whose work is helping usher in a coming "age of progress and universal happiness", and in which calls his novel prophetic (a claim that is said to have drawn much derision from contemporaries). … Rêve s’il en fut jamais nous entraîne dans un voyage inédit : Louis-Sébastien Mercier, l’auteur du célèbre Tableau de Paris, s’endort un soir à minuit et se réveille quelque sept cents … [8][6][7] Despite being banned in France and Spain (including by the Holy See in 1773 and by the Spanish Inquisition in 1778, earning it a place in the Index Librorum Prohibitorum – it was also supposedly burned by the Spanish king himself)[7] the novel quickly became popular in France, where it had over twenty editions during Mercier's lifetime, and hence was described as an "underground bestseller"; it also received a number of translations abroad (and a number of unauthorized – in other words, pirated and even slightly altered – editions). [8], The Year 2440 also inspired many later authors. [7] For the English edition, Hooper changed the title to Memoirs of the Year Two Thousand Five Hundred or Memoirs of the Year 2500 and added a number of footnotes (Mercier's choice of the somewhat awkward number 2440 might be related to it being his 700th birthday, whereas Hooper's title, described as "perplexing" by one scholar, is likely due to his preference for a simpler, rounded up title). En prédisant « tous les changements … Public space and the justice system have been reorganized. It offered an astonishing new perspective: the future as a fait accompli and the present as a distant past. The Year Two Thousand Four Hundred and Forty, Followed by The Iron Man: Dream, with L'Homme de Fer: Songe being a new, separate short story[1]) was in turn partially translated to English by Harriot Augusta Freeman under another liberally changed title, Astraea's Return, or The Halcyon Days of France in the Year 2440: A Dream (according to the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, as of 2019, no official English translation of the revised 1786 version exists). [4][18][13] Brian M. Stableford noted that "it laid the groundwork for the first theoretical discussion of the potential scope of futuristic fiction". Mercier's L'an 2440", "Themes : Near Future : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia", "La Bibliothèque de l'homme de l'an 2440 selon L. S. Mercier", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Year_2440&oldid=994132382, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 14 December 2020, at 06:22. Rêve s,il en fût jamais. [2][17], L'An 2440 was one of the most famous works – if not the most famous – by Mercier. [7], Despite its popularity in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the work has been described as quickly eclipsed by others and "almost forgotten" by the second half of the 20th century. [8][6][7] Despite being banned in France and Spain (including by the Holy See in 1773 and by the Spanish Inquisition in 1778, earning it a place in the Index Librorum Prohibitorum – it was also supposedly burned by the Spanish king himself)[7] the novel quickly became popular in France, where it had over twenty editions during Mercier's lifetime, and hence was described as an "underground bestseller"; it also received a number of translations abroad (and a number of unauthorized – in other words, pirated and even slightly altered – editions). [7] It has been described as an "important milestone in the evolution of science fiction", particularly of the utopian fiction variety, "[in its time an] exceedingly popular [work of] proto-science fiction", and one of the first works in the genre focusing on the near future. Titre: s’il en fût. C'est alors qu'il découvre une France qui s'est libérée des malheurs et des vices de … [1][2][10][13][15][16] Mercier published four editions (1771, 1774, 1786 and 1779), although there is some further controversy surrounding the 1774 edition, whose authorship Mercier later denied. Mercier's L'An 2440, rêve s'il en fut jamais (literally, "The Year 2440: A Dream If Ever There Was One"; translated into English as Memoirs of the Year Two Thousand Five Hundred [sic]; and into German as Das Jahr zwey tausend vier hundert und vierzig: Ein Traum aller Träume) is a utopian novel set in the year 2440… En … [1][2][3], Written only 18 years before the French Revolution of 1789, the book describes a future secular, pacifist France that has been established through a peaceful revolution led by a "philosopher-king" who has set up a system resembling a parliamentary monarchy. He wanders through the changed city, eventually ending up in the ruins of the Palace of Versailles. [2][17], L'An 2440 was one of the most famous works – if not the most famous – by Mercier.